{"exhibit":{"title":"Pipestone","description":"
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Among the most sacred Native American places in Minnesota are the Pipestone quarries in the southwestern corner of the state. The quarries are a distinct geologic feature of southwestern Minnesota. Out of the prairies in that part of the state rise pink quartzite bluffs, beneath which run seams of soft dull-red pipestone rock. In the Dakota language, the compound is called cannononpa in\u2019yan. To geologists, the rock is called Catlinite, named after George Catlin, the Euro-American painter who visited and documented the quarries in 1863.1<\/a>\u00a0<\/sup>For many American Indians, the quarries are a sacred space; Native American people have been carving stone pipe bowls since 1,500 B.C.E. and archeological evidence shows that Native people have quarried pipestone for 3,000 years.2<\/a> <\/sup><\/p>\n The place was important enough to the Native Americans of the region that the Yankton Sioux took pains to secure continued access to the quarries in the Treaty of 1858 through which they ceded the territory in the region to the U.S. In 1937, the quarries became Pipestone National Monument. The sacred nature of the place and differing Native views about its sacrality, have complicated federal management of the site since.\u00a0<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Sally Southwick, Building on a Borrowed Past: Place and Identity in Pipestone, Minnesota, (Ohio University Press, 2005): 66. \u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n National Park Service, \"Pipestone: History and Culture: People,\" National Park Service, accessed July 29, 2015, http:\/\/www.nps.gov\/pipe\/learn\/historyculture\/people.htm. \u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>","credits":"Authored by Ben Welna with contributions from Johanna Scheu, and Laura Levitt","featured":0,"public":1,"theme":"","theme_options":null,"slug":"pipestone","added":"2015-06-22 13:11:02","modified":"2020-04-18 01:24:49","owner_id":27,"use_summary_page":0,"cover_image_file_id":null,"id":48},"item":{"item_type_id":6,"collection_id":26,"featured":0,"public":1,"added":"2014-03-19 22:05:11","modified":"2016-08-18 09:38:13","owner_id":2,"id":557}}